Kutentha kotentha kwachilimwe kwafika. Ngakhale masiku atatu otentha kwambiri m'chilimwe asanayambe, kutentha kuno kwadutsa kale 40 ℃ posachedwa. Nthawi yotuluka thukuta utakhala duu ikubweranso! Kupatula zoziziritsa kukhosi zomwe zimatha kutalikitsa moyo wanu, kusankha zovala zoyenera kungakupangitseninso kuti muzizizira.
Kotero, ndi nsalu yotanizovalandizozizira kwambiri kuvala m'chilimwe?
Choyamba, tiyeni timvetse mfundo iyi: M’chilimwe, thupi la munthu limachita thukuta kwambiri. Thukuta lochuluka lomwe limatuluka m'thupi la munthu limatuluka kudzera mu nthunzi, kupukuta, ndi kuyamwa ndi zovala zokhala pafupi. Nthawi zambiri, thukuta lopitilira 50% limapukutidwa kapena kutengedwa ndi zovala zoyandikira. Choncho, zinthu zoyamba za zovala za chilimwe ndizotulutsa bwino thukuta, kutuluka thukuta ndi kupuma, ndi zina zotero.
1.Nsalu yokhala ndi thukuta labwino imayamwa
Nthawi zomwe simumatuluka thukuta, nsalu za thonje, nsalu, silika wa mabulosi kapena nsungwi ndizomwe amakonda. Pakalipano, ulusi wochita kupanga wopangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zachilengedwe monga viscose, tencel ndi modal ndi zosankha zabwino.
Zovala zopangidwa ndi nsalu zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi mphamvu zosiyanasiyana zoyamwitsa chinyezi. Nthawi zambiri, nsalu za ulusi wachilengedwe ndi nsalu zopanga zopanga zimakhala ndi mphamvu zoyamwa kwambiri chinyezi. Kuwavala m'chilimwe kumatha kuyamwa thukuta bwino, kusunga thupi louma komanso kupereka kumverera kozizira.
Ulusi wachilengedwe komanso wochita kupanga umatchedwa ulusi wa hydrophilic, pomwe ulusi wambiri wopangidwa umakhala ndi mphamvu yochepa yoyamwa chinyezi ndipo ndi ulusi wa hydrophobic. Choncho, povala nthawi zambiri pamene munthu satuluka thukuta, ndi bwino kusankha nsalu zachilengedwe monga bafuta, silika wa mabulosi, ndi thonje la zovala zachilimwe. Kuchokera pakuwona kutulutsa chinyezi, nsalu za bafuta sizimangokhala ndi chinyezi chabwino komanso zinthu zabwino zotulutsa chinyezi, ndipo zimatentha mwachangu. Kotero izi ndizo zonse zomwe zimakonda zovala zachilimwe.
(1) Thonje ndi nsaluzovala
Nsalu ina yachilengedwe yopezeka m'chilimwe ndi nsalu ya nsungwi. Zovala zopangidwa kuchokera ku izo zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera omwe amasiyana kwambiri ndi ulusi wa thonje ndi matabwa opangidwa ndi cellulose: sichivala, sichimamwa mapiritsi, chimakhala ndi chinyezi chambiri, chimauma mofulumira, chimapuma kwambiri, chimakhala ndi manja osalala, komanso chimakhala ndi mpweya wabwino. Nsalu za nsungwi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'chilimwe ndi m'dzinja zimapangitsa anthu kukhala ozizirira komanso opuma.
(2)Ulusi wa nsungwinsalu
Mtundu wina wansalu womwe umakhala womasuka kuvala m'chilimwe ndi nsalu zopangira ulusi monga viscose, modal ndi Lyocell. Ulusi Wopanga amapangidwa kuchokera ku ma polima achilengedwe (monga matabwa, ma linter a thonje, mkaka, mtedza, soya, ndi zina zotero) kudzera mu kupota. Ndi yosiyana ndi ulusi wopangidwa. Zopangira zopangidwa ndi ulusi wopangidwa ndi mafuta ambiri, malasha ndi zinthu zina zopangira, pomwe zida zopangira ulusi zimakhala zachilengedwe. Njira yopangira ulusi wopangira zinthu ndizovuta ndipo zitha kumveka motere: viscose ndi m'badwo woyamba wamitengo yamitengo yamitengo, modal ndi m'badwo wachiwiri waulusi wamatabwa, ndipo Lyocell ndi m'badwo wachitatu wamitengo yamitengo. Mtundu wopangidwa ndi Lenzing waku Austria umapangidwa kuchokera ku mitengo ya beech yomwe ili ndi zaka pafupifupi 10, pomwe Lyocell imapangidwa makamaka kuchokera kumitengo ya coniferous. Zomwe zili mu lignin fiber mkati mwake ndizokwera pang'ono kuposa zomwe zili mu modal.
(3)Nsalu ya Modal
Modal ndi ulusi wopangidwanso wa cellulose, ndipo zopangira zake ndi matabwa a cypress opangidwa kuchokera ku spruce ndi beech. Zambiri mwa zosungunulira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popota zimatha kubwezeretsedwanso. Palibe kwenikweni kuipitsa panthawi yopanga. Ikhoza kuwola mwachibadwa ndipo ilibe vuto kwa chilengedwe ndi thupi la munthu. Chifukwa chake, umatchedwanso ulusi wobiriwira komanso wokonda zachilengedwe.
(4) Nsalu ya Lyocell
Lyocell nayenso ndi regenerated cellulose CHIKWANGWANI. Lyocell CHIKWANGWANI amatchedwa ndi International Synthetic Fiber Bureau ndipo amadziwika kuti Lyocell CHIKWANGWANI ku China. Zomwe zimatchedwa "Tencel" kwenikweni ndi dzina lamalonda la Lyocell ulusi wopangidwa ndi Lenzing. Popeza ili ndi dzina lamalonda lolembetsedwa ndi Lenzing, ulusi wa Lyocell wopangidwa ndi Lenzing ungatchulidwe kuti Tencel. Nsalu za Lyocell fiber ndi zofewa, zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino komanso okhazikika, ndipo zimakhala zozizira komanso zomasuka kuvala. Pakutsuka, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito detergent osalowerera ndale ndi chitsulo pamtunda wapakati kapena wochepa. Komabe, zinthu zomwe zimatchedwa "Tencel" kapena "Lyocell" pamsika zimasiyanasiyana. Pogula, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana ngati nsalu ya chinthucho ndi "100% Lyocell fiber".
2.Nsalu zoyenera masewera kapena ntchito
Pochita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri kapena ntchito zogwira mtima, nsalu zogwira ntchito zokhala ndi ntchito monga kuyamwa kwa chinyezi, kupukuta thukuta ndi kuyanika msanga zingasankhidwe.
Ngati mukuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri, ndi bwino kuti musankhe zovala zokhala ndi ntchito monga kutulutsa chinyezi, kutuluka thukuta komanso kuyanika mwamsanga. Thukuta limatha kunyowetsa msanga nsalu zoterezi ndikufalitsa thukuta pamtunda komanso mkati mwa nsalu kudzera mu capillary effect. Pamene malo osakanikirana akuwonjezeka, thukuta limatha kusuntha mofulumira kumalo ozungulira, kukwaniritsa zotsatira za kunyowetsa, kufalikira ndi kutuluka nthawi imodzi. Sipadzakhala kumverera kosasangalatsa kwa zovala kumamatira ku thupi. Zovala zambiri zamasewera zimagwira ntchito pamfundoyi.
Ngakhale zovala zopangidwa ndi ulusi wowotcha chinyezi ndi kuyanika mwachangu, pamakhalabe zofunikira zosiyanasiyana pamavalidwe osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, nthawi zambiri monga kuthamanga pang'onopang'ono, kuyenda mwachangu kapena kugwira ntchito zopepuka, ndi bwino kuvala zovala zamasewera wamba zowonda komanso zotulutsa thukuta. Komabe, ngati mutuluka thukuta pamene mukuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi nsalu zamtundu wotere ndipo siziuma nthawi yomweyo, mumamva kuzizira mutasiya ntchitoyi. Pachifukwa ichi, zovala "zopanda chinyontho" zinayamba kukhalapo.
Chipinda chamkati cha "unidirectional chinyezi-conducting" nsalu chimapangidwa ndi ulusi wokhala ndi mayamwidwe osauka koma ochita bwino oyendetsa chinyezi, pomwe wosanjikiza wakunja umapangidwa ndi ulusi wokhala ndi chinyezi chabwino. Pambuyo pa kutuluka thukuta panthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, thukuta silimatengedwa kapena kufalikira (kapena kutengeka ndi kufalikira pang'ono momwe zingathere) muzitsulo zomwe zili pafupi ndi khungu. M'malo mwake, imadutsa mkati mwake, ndikulola kuti pamwamba pake ndi madzi abwino kuti "akoke" thukuta, ndipo thukuta silingabwerere kumtunda wamkati. Ikhoza kusunga mbali yomwe ikukhudzana ndi thupi louma, ndipo sipadzakhala kumverera kozizira ngakhale mutasiya kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Komanso ndi nsalu yapamwamba kwambiri yomwe ingasankhidwe m'chilimwe.
Nthawi yotumiza: May-08-2025
