Kutentha kwa chilimwe kotentha kwafika. Ngakhale masiku atatu otentha kwambiri a chilimwe asanayambe, kutentha kuno kwadutsa kale 40℃ posachedwapa. Nthawi yomwe mumatuluka thukuta mutakhala chete ikubweranso! Kupatula ma air conditioner omwe angakuthandizeni kukhala ndi moyo wautali, kusankha zovala zoyenera kungakupangitseni kumva bwino.
Kotero, ndi nsalu yamtundu wanjizovalaKodi zovala zozizira kwambiri kuvala nthawi yachilimwe ndi ziti?
Choyamba, tiyeni timvetse mfundo iyi: M'chilimwe, thupi la munthu limakonda kutuluka thukuta. Thukuta lalikulu lomwe limatuluka m'thupi la munthu limatuluka kudzera mu nthunzi, kupukuta, ndi kuyamwa ndi zovala zomatira. Kawirikawiri, thukuta loposa 50% limafufutidwa kapena kuyamwa ndi zovala zomatira. Chifukwa chake, zinthu zazikulu zomwe zili mu zovala zachilimwe ndi kuyamwa thukuta bwino, kutulutsa thukuta komanso kupuma bwino, ndi zina zotero.
1. Nsalu yokhala ndi zotsatira zabwino zoyamwa thukuta
Pa nthawi yomwe simukutuluka thukuta, nsalu za thonje, nsalu za nsalu ya mulberry kapena ulusi wa nsungwi ndi zomwe zimakondedwa. Pakadali pano, ulusi wopangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zachilengedwe monga viscose, tencel ndi modal ndi zosankha zabwino.
Zovala zopangidwa ndi nsalu zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi mphamvu zosiyanasiyana zoyamwa chinyezi. Kawirikawiri, nsalu zachilengedwe za ulusi ndi nsalu zopangira ulusi zimakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri zoyamwa chinyezi. Kuvala nthawi yachilimwe kumatha kuyamwa thukuta bwino, kupangitsa thupi kukhala louma komanso kupangitsa kuti likhale lozizira.
Ulusi wachilengedwe ndi wopangidwa umatchedwa ulusi wokonda madzi, pomwe ulusi wambiri wopangidwa uli ndi mphamvu yochepa yoyamwa chinyezi ndipo ndi ulusi wokonda madzi. Chifukwa chake, mukavala nthawi zambiri pomwe munthu satuluka thukuta, ndibwino kusankha nsalu zachilengedwe monga nsalu ya nsalu, silika wa mulberry, ndi thonje pazovala zachilimwe. Poganizira za kutulutsa chinyezi, nsalu za nsalu sizimangoyamwa chinyezi bwino komanso zimakhala ndi mphamvu zabwino zotulutsa chinyezi, ndipo zimapangitsa kutentha mwachangu. Chifukwa chake izi ndi zinthu zomwe zimakondedwa kwambiri pazovala zachilimwe.
(1) Thonje ndi nsaluzovala
Nsalu ina ya ulusi wachilengedwe yomwe imapezeka nthawi yachilimwe ndi nsalu ya ulusi wa nsungwi. Zovala zopangidwa kuchokera ku nsaluyi zili ndi kalembedwe kapadera komwe ndi kosiyana kwambiri ndi ulusi wa thonje ndi cellulose wopangidwa ndi matabwa: sutha kutha, sutha kupumira, umayamwa chinyezi kwambiri, umauma mwachangu, umapuma bwino, umamveka bwino m'manja, ndipo umaoneka bwino. Nsalu za ulusi wa nsungwi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yachilimwe ndi nthawi yophukira zimapangitsa anthu kumva kuzizira komanso kupuma bwino.
(2) Ulusi wa nsungwinsalu
Mtundu wina wa nsalu womwe umakhala womasuka kuvala nthawi yachilimwe ndi nsalu zopangidwa ndi ulusi monga viscose, modal ndi Lyocell. Ulusi wopangidwa umapangidwa kuchokera ku ma polima achilengedwe (monga matabwa, thonje, mkaka, mtedza, soya, ndi zina zotero) kudzera mu kupota. Ndi wosiyana ndi ulusi wopangidwa. Zipangizo zopangira ulusi wopangidwa makamaka ndi mafuta, malasha ndi zinthu zina zopangira, pomwe zipangizo zopangira ulusi wopangidwa ndi zachilengedwe. Njira yopangira ulusi wopangidwa ndi yovuta ndipo ingamveke motere: viscose ndi ulusi wa pulp wa matabwa wa m'badwo woyamba, modal ndi ulusi wa pulp wa matabwa wa m'badwo wachiwiri, ndipo Lyocell ndi ulusi wa pulp wa matabwa wa m'badwo wachitatu. Modal yopangidwa ndi Lenzing wa ku Austria imapangidwa kuchokera ku mitengo ya beech yomwe ili ndi zaka pafupifupi 10, pomwe Lyocell imapangidwa makamaka kuchokera ku mitengo ya coniferous. Ulusi wa lignin womwe uli mkati mwake ndi wokwera pang'ono kuposa womwe uli mu modal.
(3) Nsalu ya Modal
Modal ndi ulusi wa cellulose wobwezeretsedwanso, ndipo zinthu zake zopangira ndi matabwa a cypress opangidwa kuchokera ku spruce ndi beech. Zosungunulira zambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popota zimatha kubwezeretsedwanso. Palibe kuipitsa chilengedwe panthawi yopanga. Imatha kuwola mwachilengedwe ndipo siivulaza chilengedwe ndi thupi la munthu. Chifukwa chake, imatchedwanso ulusi wobiriwira komanso wochezeka ku chilengedwe.
(4) Nsalu ya Lyocell
Lyocell ndi ulusi wa cellulose wobwezeretsedwanso. Ulusi wa Lyocell umatchedwa ndi International Synthetic Fiber Bureau ndipo umadziwika kuti Lyocell fiber ku China. Chomwe chimatchedwa "Tencel" kwenikweni ndi dzina la malonda la ulusi wa Lyocell wopangidwa ndi Lenzing. Popeza ili ndi dzina lamalonda lolembetsedwa ndi Lenzing, ulusi wa Lyocell wopangidwa ndi Lenzing wokha ndi womwe ungatchedwe Tencel. Nsalu za Lyocell fiber ndi zofewa, zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino komanso zokhazikika, ndipo zimakhala zozizira komanso zosavuta kuvala. Mukasamba, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito sopo wofewa komanso chitsulo chopanda mpweya kutentha kwapakati kapena kotsika. Komabe, zinthu zomwe zimalembedwa kuti "Tencel" kapena "Lyocell" pamsika zimasiyana muubwino. Mukamagula, ndikofunikira kuwona ngati nsalu ya chinthucho ndi "100% Lyocell fiber".
2. Nsalu zoyenera masewera kapena ntchito
Mukachita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri kapena ntchito yopindulitsa, nsalu zogwira ntchito monga kuyamwa chinyezi, kutsuka thukuta komanso kuumitsa msanga zitha kusankhidwa.
Ngati muli pamalo ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi amphamvu, ndi bwino kusankha zovala zomwe zimagwira ntchito monga kuyamwa chinyezi, kutsuka thukuta komanso kuumitsa msanga. Thukuta limatha kunyowetsa nsalu zotere mwachangu ndikufalitsa thukuta pamwamba ndi mkati mwa nsalu kudzera mu capillary effect. Pamene malo ofalikira akuchulukirachulukira, thukuta limatha kusungunuka mofulumira kupita kumalo ozungulira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zonyowetsa, zofalitsa ndi kusungunuka nthawi imodzi. Sipadzakhala kumva kovutitsa kwa zovala zomwe zimamatira thupi. Zovala zambiri zamasewera zimagwira ntchito motsatira mfundo iyi.
Ngakhale zovala zopangidwa ndi ulusi wothandiza kupukuta chinyezi komanso kuumitsa mwachangu, zimakhalabe zofunikira zosiyanasiyana pazochitika zosiyanasiyana zovalira. Mwachitsanzo, nthawi zambiri monga kuthamanga pang'onopang'ono, kuyenda mwachangu kapena kuchita ntchito zopepuka, ndibwino kuvala zovala zamasewera zopyapyala zokhala ndi gawo limodzi lokha komanso zochotsa thukuta. Komabe, ngati mutuluka thukuta mukuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mukuvala zovala zopangidwa ndi nsalu yamtunduwu ndipo siziuma nthawi yomweyo, mudzamva kuzizira mukasiya kuchita masewerawa. Pachifukwa ichi, zovala "zopanda chinyezi" zinayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Chigawo chamkati cha nsalu ya "unidirectional weight-conducting" chimapangidwa ndi ulusi womwe umayamwa chinyezi pang'ono koma umayamwa bwino, pomwe chigawo chakunja chimapangidwa ndi ulusi womwe umayamwa bwino chinyezi. Pambuyo pa thukuta panthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, thukuta silimayamwa kapena kufalikira (kapena kulowetsedwa ndi kufalikira pang'ono momwe zingathere) mu chiwalo chomwe chili pafupi ndi khungu. M'malo mwake, chimadutsa mkati mwa chiwalochi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwalo chapamwamba chomwe chimayamwa bwino chinyezi "chikoke" thukuta, ndipo thukuta silibwerera ku chiwalo chamkati. Chimatha kusunga mbali yomwe ikukhudzana ndi thupi kuti ikhale youma, ndipo sipadzakhala kuzizira ngakhale mutasiya kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Ndi nsalu yapamwamba kwambiri yomwe ingasankhidwe nthawi yachilimwe.
Nthawi yotumizira: Meyi-08-2025
