Kusindikiza pazenera kumatanthawuza kugwiritsa ntchito zenera ngati maziko a mbale, komanso kudzera mu njira yopangira zithunzi, yopangidwa ndi mbale yosindikizira yazithunzi. Kusindikiza pazithunzi kumakhala ndi zinthu zisanu, mbale yotchinga, scraper, inki, tebulo losindikizira ndi gawo lapansi. Kusindikiza pazenera ndi imodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakupanga zojambulajambula.
1. Ndi chiyanikusindikiza chophimba
Kusindikiza pazenera ndi njira yosamutsira kapangidwe ka stencil pamalo athyathyathya pogwiritsa ntchito chophimba, inki, ndi scraper. Nsalu ndi mapepala ndizofala kwambiri zosindikizira pazenera, koma pogwiritsa ntchito inki zapadera, ndizothekanso kusindikiza pamatabwa, zitsulo, pulasitiki ngakhale galasi. Njira yofunika kwambiri ndiyo kupanga nkhungu pa zenera labwino kwambiri la mesh ndiyeno kulumikiza inki (kapena penti, ngati zojambulajambula ndi zikwangwani) kuti zisindikize m'munsimu.
Njirayi nthawi zina imatchedwa "kusindikiza pazithunzi" kapena "kusindikiza pazithunzi," ndipo ngakhale kuti ndondomeko yeniyeni yosindikizira imakhala yofanana nthawi zonse, momwe stencil imapangidwira imatha kusiyana, malingana ndi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya template ikuphatikizapo:
Khazikitsani nyani kapena vinyl kuti mutseke gawo lomwe mukufuna pazenera.
Gwiritsani ntchito "screen blocker" monga guluu kapena penti kuti mupende nkhungu pagululi.
Pangani stencil pogwiritsa ntchito emulsion yojambula, kenaka pangani stencil mofanana ndi chithunzi (mukhoza kuphunzira zambiri za izi mu ndondomeko ya sitepe ndi sitepe).
Mapangidwe opangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosindikizira pazenera amatha kugwiritsa ntchito inki imodzi kapena zochepa. Pazinthu zamitundu yambiri, mtundu uliwonse uyenera kuikidwa pagawo losiyana ndi template yosiyana yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa inki iliyonse.
2. Chifukwa chiyani kugwiritsa ntchito zosindikizira pazenera
Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe teknoloji yosindikizira chophimba imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chifukwa imapanga mitundu yowoneka bwino ngakhale pansalu zakuda. Inki kapena utoto umapezekanso m'magulu angapo pamwamba pa nsalu kapena pepala, motero amapereka chosindikizira chogwira bwino.
Ukadaulo umayamikiridwanso chifukwa umalola ma printers kukopera zojambula kangapo. Popeza mapangidwe amatha kukopera mobwerezabwereza pogwiritsa ntchito nkhungu yomweyi, ndizothandiza popanga makope angapo a chovala chimodzi kapena chowonjezera. Mukagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi makina osindikizira odziwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono, ndizothekanso kupanga mapangidwe ovuta a mitundu. Ngakhale zovuta za ndondomekoyi zikutanthauza kuti chiwerengero cha mitundu yosindikizira angagwiritse ntchito ndi yochepa, imakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri kuposa zomwe zingatheke pogwiritsa ntchito kusindikiza kwa digito kokha.
Kusindikiza pazenera ndi njira yodziwika bwino pakati pa ojambula ndi okonza chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwake komanso kuthekera kopanganso mitundu yowoneka bwino komanso zithunzi zomveka bwino. Kuphatikiza pa Andy Warhol, ojambula ena omwe amadziwika kuti amagwiritsa ntchito makina osindikizira akuphatikizapo Robert Rauschenberg, Ben Shahn, Eduardo Paolozzi, Richard Hamilton, RB Kitaj, Henri Matisse ndi Richard Estes.
3. Screen yosindikiza ndondomeko masitepe
Pali njira zosiyanasiyana zosindikizira pazenera, koma zonse zimaphatikizapo njira zoyambira zofanana. Mawonekedwe osindikizira omwe tidzakambirana pansipa amagwiritsa ntchito emulsion yapadera yowunikira kuti apange ma stencil; Chifukwa angagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga stencil zovuta, zimakhala zotchuka kwambiri zosindikizira zamalonda.
Khwerero 1: Mapangidwe amapangidwa
Choyamba, chosindikizira amatenga kamangidwe kamene akufuna kupanga pa chinthu chomaliza, ndiyeno amachisindikiza pafilimu yowonekera ya acetic acid. Izi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga nkhungu.
Gawo 2: Konzani chophimba
Kenaka, chosindikiziracho chimasankha chophimba cha mesh kuti chigwirizane ndi zovuta za mapangidwe ndi mawonekedwe a nsalu yosindikizidwa. Chophimbacho chimakutidwa ndi photoreactive emulsion yomwe imauma ikapangidwa ndi kuwala kowala.
3: Onetsani mafuta odzola
Pepala la acetate lomwe lili ndi kapangidwe kameneka limayikidwa pazenera lopaka emulsion ndipo chinthu chonsecho chimawonetsedwa ndi kuwala kowala kwambiri. Kuwala kumaumitsa emulsion, kotero gawo la chinsalu chophimbidwa ndi mapangidwewo limakhalabe lamadzi.
Ngati chomalizacho chidzakhala ndi mitundu ingapo, chinsalu chosiyana chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyika inki iliyonse. Kuti apange zinthu zamitundu yambiri, wosindikizayo ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito luso lake kupanga template iliyonse ndikuyanjanitsa bwino kuti atsimikizire kuti kapangidwe komaliza ndi kopanda msoko.
Khwerero 4: Tsukani emulsion kuti mupange stencil
Pambuyo powonetsa chinsalu kwa nthawi yochuluka, madera a chinsalu omwe sanaphimbidwe ndi mapangidwe amawumitsa. Ndiye mosamala muzimutsuka onse unhardened odzola. Izi zimasiya chithunzi chowonekera bwino cha kapangidwe kake pazenera kuti inki idutse.
Chophimbacho chimawumitsidwa ndipo chosindikizira chimakhudza chilichonse chofunikira kapena kukonza kuti chisindikizocho chikhale pafupi ndi kapangidwe koyambirira momwe kungathekere. Tsopano mutha kugwiritsa ntchito nkhungu.
Khwerero 5: Chinthucho chakonzeka kusindikizidwa
Chophimbacho chimayikidwa pa press. Chinthu kapena chovala chomwe chiyenera kusindikizidwa chimayikidwa pansi pa mbale yosindikizira pansi pa chinsalu.
Pali makina ambiri osindikizira osiyanasiyana, onse amanja ndi odzichitira okha, koma makina ambiri amakono osindikizira adzagwiritsira ntchito makina osindikizira a rotary disk odzizungulira, chifukwa chakuti zimenezi zimathandiza kuti masikirini angapo osiyanasiyana aziyendetsedwa nthawi imodzi. Posindikiza mitundu, chosindikizira ichi chingagwiritsidwenso ntchito kugwiritsa ntchito zigawo zamtundu wina motsatizana.
Khwerero 6: Dinani inki kudzera pazenera pa chinthucho
Chophimbacho chimatsikira ku bolodi yosindikizidwa. Onjezani inki pamwamba pa chinsalu ndikugwiritsa ntchito chopukutira chokoka inkiyo kutalika konse kwa chinsalu. Izi zimakanikizira inki pamalo otseguka a template, potero ndikulemba zomwe zili pansipa.
Ngati chosindikizira chikupanga zinthu zingapo, kwezani chophimba ndikuyika zovala zatsopano pa mbale yosindikizira. Ndiye kubwereza ndondomeko.
Zinthu zonse zikasindikizidwa ndipo template yakwaniritsa cholinga chake, njira yapadera yoyeretsera ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchotsa emulsion kuti chinsalucho chigwiritsidwenso ntchito kupanga template yatsopano.
Khwerero 7: Yamitsani chinthucho, fufuzani ndikumaliza
Chosindikizidwacho chimadutsa mu chowumitsira, chomwe "chimachiritsa" inki ndi kupanga mawonekedwe osalala, osatha. Chinthu chomaliza chisanaperekedwe kwa mwiniwake watsopano, chimawunikiridwa ndikutsukidwa bwino kuti achotse zotsalira zonse.
4. Zida zosindikizira pazenera
Kuti zisindikize zoyera, zomveka bwino, makina osindikizira amayenera kukhala ndi zida zoyenera kuti amalize ntchitoyi. Apa, tikambirana aliyense chophimba chosindikizira chipangizo, kuphatikizapo udindo iwo amasewera ndondomeko yosindikiza.
| | makina osindikizira pazenera |
Ngakhale kuti n’zotheka kusindikiza pogwiritsa ntchito mesh mesh ndi squeegee, osindikiza ambiri amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito makina osindikizira chifukwa amawalola kusindikiza zinthu zambiri mwaluso. Izi zili choncho chifukwa makina osindikizira amasunga chophimba pakati pa zosindikizira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuti wogwiritsa ntchito asinthe mapepala kapena zovala kuti zisindikizidwe.
Pali mitundu itatu ya makina osindikizira: manual, semi-automatic ndi automatic. Makina osindikizira pamanja amawagwiritsa ntchito pamanja, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndizovuta kwambiri. Makina osindikizira a semi-automatic amasinthidwa pang'ono, koma amafunikirabe malingaliro amunthu kuti asinthane zinthu zotsitsidwa, pomwe makina osindikizira amakhala ndi makina ndipo safuna kulowetsamo pang'ono.
Mabizinesi omwe amafunikira ntchito zambiri zosindikizira nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito makina osindikizira a semi-automatic kapena otomatiki chifukwa amatha kusindikiza mwachangu, mwaluso komanso popanda zolakwika zochepa. Makampani ang'onoang'ono kapena makampani omwe amagwiritsa ntchito makina osindikizira ngati chinthu chosangalatsa angapeze makina osindikizira apakompyuta (omwe nthawi zina amatchedwa "makono" osindikizira) oyenerana ndi zosowa zawo.
| | ink |
Inki, pigment, kapena penti amakankhidwa pa zenera la mauna ndi kulowa mu chinthu chomwe chiyenera kusindikizidwa, ndikusamutsa chizindikiro cha kapangidwe ka pensulo pa chinthucho.
Kusankha inki sikungosankha mtundu, palinso zina zambiri. Pali inki zambiri zamaluso zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga zotsatira zosiyanasiyana pazomalizidwa. Mwachitsanzo, osindikiza amatha kugwiritsa ntchito inki zong'ambika, zopunduka, kapena zotumbidwa (zomwe zimakulitsa kuti zipangike pamwamba) kuti ziwonekere mwapadera. The chosindikizira adzaonanso mtundu nsalu nsalu yotchinga yosindikizira, monga inki ena ogwira kwambiri pa zipangizo zina kuposa ena.
Posindikiza zovala, chosindikizira amagwiritsa ntchito inki yomwe imatha kutsuka ndi makina pambuyo potenthedwa ndikuchiritsidwa. Izi zidzapangitsa kuti zinthu zisamawonongeke, zovala kwa nthawi yaitali zomwe zingathe kuvala mobwerezabwereza.
| | skrini |
Chophimba chosindikizira chophimba ndi chitsulo kapena chimango chamatabwa chophimbidwa ndi nsalu zabwino za mesh. Mwachizoloŵezi, maunawa anali opangidwa ndi ulusi wa silika, koma lero, wasinthidwa ndi ulusi wa polyester, womwe umapereka ntchito yomweyo pamtengo wotsika. Makulidwe ndi nambala ya ulusi wa mesh imatha kusankhidwa kuti igwirizane ndi pamwamba kuti isindikizidwe kapena mawonekedwe a nsalu, ndipo kusiyana pakati pa mizere ndi kochepa, kotero kuti zambiri zitha kupezeka posindikiza.
Pambuyo chophimba ndi wokutidwa ndi emulsion ndi poyera, izo zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati template. Pambuyo posindikiza chophimba chikatha, chikhoza kutsukidwa ndikugwiritsidwanso ntchito.
| | chipala |
scraper ndi scraper ya rabara yomwe imamangiriridwa ku matabwa, chitsulo kapena pulasitiki. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukankha inki kudzera pa zenera la mauna ndi pamwamba kuti asindikizidwe. Osindikiza nthawi zambiri amasankha scraper yomwe ili yofanana ndi mawonekedwe azithunzi chifukwa imapereka kuphimba bwino.
Chowombera cholimba cha rabara ndichoyenera kusindikiza zojambula zovuta ndi zambiri, chifukwa zimatsimikizira kuti ngodya zonse ndi mipata mu nkhungu zimatenga wosanjikiza wa inki mofanana. Posindikiza zojambula zochepa kapena kusindikiza pa nsalu, scraper yofewa, yololera kwambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri.
| | Malo oyeretsera |
Zowonetsera ziyenera kutsukidwa pambuyo pa ntchito kuchotsa zizindikiro zonse za emulsion, kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito kachiwiri kuti zisindikizidwe. Nyumba zina zazikulu zosindikizira zimatha kugwiritsa ntchito mitsuko yamadzimadzi apadera oyeretsera kapena asidi kuti achotse emulsion, pomwe ena amangogwiritsa ntchito sinki kapena sinki ndi payipi yamagetsi kuyeretsa chophimba.
5.Kodi inki yosindikizira ya skrini idzatsuka?
Ngati chovalacho chasindikizidwa bwino ndi katswiri wodziwa kugwiritsa ntchito inki yotsuka ndi kutentha, chojambulacho sichiyenera kuchapa. Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti mtunduwo suzimiririka, chosindikiziracho chiyenera kuonetsetsa kuti inkiyo yakhazikitsidwa motsatira malangizo a wopanga. Kutentha koyenera kwa kuyanika ndi nthawi kumadalira mtundu wa inki ndi nsalu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, choncho malangizowo ayenera kutsatiridwa ngati chosindikizira apanga chinthu chotha kuchapa kwa nthawi yaitali.
6. Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa kusindikiza chophimba ndi digito yosindikiza?
Makina osindikizira a digito okonzeka kuvala (DTG) amagwiritsa ntchito chosindikizira chansalu chodzipereka (mofanana ndi chosindikizira cha kompyuta ya inkjet) kusamutsa zithunzi pansalu. Zimasiyana ndi zosindikizira pazenera chifukwa chosindikizira cha digito chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kusamutsa mapangidwewo pansalu. Chifukwa palibe stencil, mitundu ingapo imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi imodzi, m'malo mogwiritsa ntchito mitundu ingapo pagawo losiyana, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri kusindikiza zojambula zovuta kapena zokongola kwambiri.
Mosiyana ndi kusindikiza kwazenera, kusindikiza kwa digito kumafuna pafupifupi kukhazikitsidwa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kusindikiza kwa digito ndi njira yotsika mtengo posindikiza magulu ang'onoang'ono a zovala kapena zinthu imodzi. Ndipo chifukwa imagwiritsa ntchito zithunzi za pakompyuta m'malo mwa ma templates, ndiyabwino kwambiri popanga zithunzi kapena mwatsatanetsatane. Komabe, chifukwa mtunduwo umasindikizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito madontho amtundu wa CMYK m'malo mwa inki yamtundu weniweni, sungapereke mtundu wofanana ndi kusindikiza pazenera. Simungagwiritsenso ntchito chosindikizira cha digito kuti mupange zojambulidwa.
Siyinghong Garment Factoryali ndi zaka 15 zogwira ntchito pa zovala, ndipo ali ndi zaka 15 za ntchito yosindikiza mabuku. Titha kukupatsirani chitsogozo chosindikizira cha logo cha zitsanzo zanu / katundu wambiri, ndikupangira njira zosindikizira zoyenera kuti zitsanzo zanu / katundu wambiri akhale wangwiro. Muthakulankhula nafenthawi yomweyo!
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-21-2023
